This patient is a 72-year-old woman who was profoundly short of breath. She couldn’t walk more than 10 metres without becoming exhausted and had to sleep upright at night, if she could sleep at all.

This is a patient case about an 81-year-old man with a severely narrowed aortic valve, or what we call the aortic stenosis, which is severe narrowing of the heart valve that takes all the blood out of the heart.

Sometimes we’re asked to do extraordinary or unprecedented things, and the case of Chris, a young 30-year-old man who was born with a complex congenital heart disease, is a good example.

Joseph is a 92-year-old man who was critically unwell. He had two completely blocked arteries to the heart that could not be treated by keyhole technique (angioplasty). He also had a severely narrowed aortic valve and needed a new aortic valve.